| Texas Foreclosure
Procedure
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Judicial Foreclosure Available: Yes
Non-judicial Foreclosure Available:
Yes, (using the power of sale clause in a deed of trust)
Preliminary Notices
Twenty-Day Demand Letter
The lender must mail a residential
borrower a demand letter giving the borrower 20 days to come up with all
the missed payments before proceeding with a foreclosure or sending the
21-day notice.
Twenty-One-Day Foreclosure Notice
The trustee must send a foreclosure
notice stating the date, place and earliest
Method of Giving Notice
Advertising: Texas does not require
preliminary advertising of the foreclosure in a newspaper.
Posting
Texas requires a foreclosure notice to
be posted at the county courthouse door 21 days before foreclosure.
Recording/Filing
Texas requires a foreclosure notice to
be filed with the county clerk 21 days before foreclosure.
Mailing
A foreclosure notice must be mailed to the borrower at the last known
address as shown in the records of the lender 21 days before
foreclosure.
Sale Procedures
The foreclosure sale must take place on
the first Tuesday of any month, even if it is a holiday such as the
Fourth of July or New Year's, but only after the proper preliminary
notices have been given. The sale is on the courthouse steps by auction
to the highest bidder for cash. Lenders, however, can bid by canceling
out the balance due on the note, or some part of it. There is no
organization to the sales. The trustee named in the deed of trust simply
shows up and calls out the property for sale. The trustee or a lender
representative then bids for the lender. Investors must find the trustee
in a noisy crowd to bid against the lender. The title is transferred by
means of a trustee's deed.
Redemption
There is not right of redemption in
Texas.
Deficiency
Texas now limits deficiency judgments
to the difference between fair market value and the balance owed on the
loan, although the borrower may have to give evidence about the market
value to be sure the deficiency is kept to a minimum.
Unusual Features
Texas is a very simple state in which
to foreclose.
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